A Look At Muslim Empires

The Muslim community is cognize to give been under the ascertain of 3 major conglomerates the quilt Empire, The Safavids and the Grandeur of the Mughals. Let us seize a close look at these three empires and try to come across in which areas are they the same and how they specifically support the Muslims view of the world. First of is the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire in like manner known in the West as the Turkish Empire, existed from 1299 to 1923. Osman I is regarded as the disclose of the Ottoman Empire.He gave the name Ottoman to the Ottoman State and declare its independence, becoming the first Bey. He extended the frontiers of Ottoman settlement towards the knotty Empire, while separate Turkish beyliks suffered from internal fighting. Under Osman I, the Ottoman metropolis moved to Bursa. It was in this period that a formal Ottoman judicature was created its institutions would remain for n betimes four centuries before being reformed. In business line to many contemporary states, the Ottoman bureaucracy tried to avoid soldiery rule, (see millet).Although the Empire was primarily a military state, its civics and economy did not speculate a policy of aggression. The intricacyist policies of the Ottoman Empire were not undertaken with the need of destruction, but with the goal of Ottoman settlement in the area. The strategic seduction of Constantinople became a crucial objective for Ottoman rule to extend oer the Eastern Mediterranean and Balkans. In 1389, the Ottoman victory at the struggle of Kosovo effectively marked the end of Serbian power in the region, and pave the way for Ottoman expansion into Europe.The Mughal Empire, on the other hand, was an empire that at its greatest territorial fulfilment ruled approximately of the Indian subcontinent, indeed known as Hindustan, and parts of what is now Afghanistan and the Balochistan region. It was established in 1526, enjoyed expansion and consolidation until about 1707 and surviv ed, even up if in drastically attenuated form, until 1857. The empire was founded by the Timurid leader Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. Mughal is the Persian word for Mongol.The Mughal rulers were adherents of Islam. The Mughal ruling class was Muslims, although approximately of the subjects of the Empire were Hindu. Although Babur founded the Empire, the dynasty remained unstable (and was even exiled) until the reign of Akbar, who was not only of cock-a-hoop disposition but also intimately acquainted, since birth, with the mores and traditions of India. Under Akbars rule, the court abolished the jizya (the poll-tax on non-Muslims) and abandoned use of the lunar Muslim schedule in esteem of a solar calendar more useful for agriculture.One of Akbars to the highest degree unusual ideas regarding devotion was Din-i-Ilahi (Faith-of-God in English), which was an eclectic mix of Hinduism, versions of Sufi I slam, Zoroastrianism and Christianity. It was proclaim the state religion until his death. These actions however met with stiff opposition from the Muslim clergy. The Safavids were a native Iranian dynasty from Iranian Azarbaijan that ruled from 1501 to 1736, and which established Shia Islam as Irans ex officio religion and united its provinces under a single Iranian sovereignty, thereby reigniting the Persian identity and acting as a bridge to juvenile Iran.Even though Safavids were not the first Shia rulers in Iran they were played intimately crucial role in making the Shia official religion in the whole of Iran. There were large Shia communities in some cities like Qom and Sabzevar as early as 8th century. In the 10th and 11th centuries the Buwayhids who were of Zeydi a branch of Shiism ruled in Fars, Isfahan and Baghdad. As a result of Mongol conquest, and relative religious tolerance of Ilhanids, Shia dynasties were re-established in Iran Sarbedaran in Khorasan being the m ost important.ShahOljeitu the sultan of Ilkhanate converted to Twelver Shiism in 13th century, however the population of Iran stayed mostly Sunni until Safavid period. These three empires dominated the Middle East during early 16th to seventeenth century and all of them played a crucial role in establishing the religion for each of their occupied areas. The leaders of these empires are said to have been chosen by Divine intervention and claimed to have been sent by God or Allah to rule over the land.In addition, the growth of these three empires was interrupted with wars from one another or other empires in the region. In terms of influence on the rest of the world, the main mughal contribution to the southwestward Asia was their unique architecture. Many monuments were built during the mughal era including the Taj Mahal. Meantime, examples of Ottoman architecture of the unspotted period, aside from Istanbul and Edirne, can also be seen in Egypt, Eritrea, Tunisia, AOn the other hand, handicrafts such as tilemaking, pottery and textiles developed during the Safavid dynasty and great advances were make in miniature painting, bookbinding, decoration and calligraphy which still can be seen in Modern European art circles. As for promoting Muslim views, it must be said that the Ottoman Empire was, in a bountiful sense, tolerant towards its non-Muslim subjects it did not, for instance, forcibly convert all of them to Islam.The sultans took their primary duty to be service to the interests of the state, which could not survive without taxes and a strong administrative system. The states race with the Greek Orthodox Church, for example, was mostly peaceful, and the churchs structure was kept intact and largely left alone but under close control and examen until the Greek War of Independence of 18211831 and, later in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the rise of the Ottoman constitutional monarchy, which was driven to some extent by nationalistic currents.Oth er churches, like the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, were fade out and placed under the jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Church. On the other hand, the empire often served as a refuge for the persecuted and exiled Jews of Europe for example, avocation the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492, Sultan Beyazid II welcomed them into Ottoman lands. Shia is the ruling religion during the Safavid dynasty and there was no written record of their support to the Muslim community.On the other hand, the Mughal ruling class were Muslims, although most of the subjects of the Empire were Hindu. Although Babur founded the Empire, the dynasty remained unstable (and was even exiled) until the reign of Akbar, who was not only of liberal disposition but also intimately acquainted, since birth, with the mores and traditions of India. Under Akbars rule, the court abolished the jizya (the poll-tax on non-Muslims) and abandoned use of the lunar Muslim calendar in favor of a solar calendar more useful f or agriculture.One of Akbars most unusual ideas regarding religion was Din-i-Ilahi (Faith-of-God in English), which was an eclectic mix of Hinduism, versions of Sufi Islam, Zoroastrianism and Christianity. It was proclaimed the state religion until his death.SourcesWikipedia, 2006 Ottoman Empire Available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ottoman_Empire (cited on October 16, 2006) Wikipedia, 2006 The Safavids Available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Safavids (cited on October 16, 2006) Wikipedia, 2006 The Grandeur of the Mughals Available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mughals (cited on October 16, 2006)