"The Ontological Argument": Explain the traditional forms of the ontological argument put forward by Anselm and Descartes

a) Explain the traditional forms of the onto logical argument put earlier by Anselm and Descartes. (33 marks)

The ontological argument is a deductive a priori argument that attempts to experiment gods existence from logical reasoning. The first and best(p) known ontological argument was proposed by St Anselm (Archbishop of Canterbury) in his writings Proslogion, however since then variations have been developed by separate philosophers such as Rene Descartes, Gottfried Leibnix, Norman Malcolm, Charles Hartshorne and Alvin Plantinga; a modal logic version of the argument was formulated by Kurt immortalel. The argument itself examines the theory and definition of God, stating that this implies the existence of God - it is to contradict unmatchedself to say that God does not exist. There have been many versions because each one begins with a different notion or definition of God.

In Proslogion Anselm wrote that he wished to form a single argument that needed nothing provided itself alone for proof and an argument that would, alone, be enough to prove that God exists and that he is the supreme God Anselm belonged to a group called the early scholastics; these were people who taught in apparitional schools, and used reasoning to solve problems.

St Anselm states that the argument that can prove Gods existence stems primarily from the definition of God, which he concluded as something than which nothing great can be thought, means God is the greatest possible being. Anselm was not referring to something that happens to be greater than anything else, materialistically; he is rather referring to his idea of perfection, of the absolute. Regardless of whether you call back he exists or not, Anselm said that one could still get over this definition - and is able to imagine the greatest possible being. He then developed this definition, stating that if...

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